Ownership claims to them are used to bolster claims to the surrounding sea and its resources. India and Vietnam, while acknowledging the strategic importance of the SCS and their volatile position when it comes to China's rising power, are edging closer toward each other. More than half of the world's fishing vessels are in the South China Sea, and millions of people depend on these waters for their food and livelihoods. The South China Sea is not only economically important for Malaysia as a maritime nation, but it is also as important from the perspective of national security. World. It will always have an eye on the need to protect itself against attack from the sea, but there's much more to China's vulnerability than potential invasion or bombardment. Washington (United States of America), February 27 (ANI): A Chinese J-11 fighter jet armed with air-to-air missiles intercepted the US Navy reconnaissance jet over the South China Sea, the Wall Street Journal reported. For example, targeted sanctions on Chinese companies involved in destabilizing activities could be considered. (PDF) The South China Sea issue in U.S. - Vietnam relations under Thailand, of course, has been an important security partner for the United States. February 27, 2023. Chinas rising military power and political influence is generating anxiety and suspicion among some of its neighbours and western powers. Instead, perceptions of weakness may encourage leaders in Beijing to embrace more assertive behavior. Utapao has been suggested as a permanent Southeast Asian Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) hub. Preserving the U.S. military edge is key to maintaining the U.S. position in Asia. Southeast Asia will inevitably be rendered subordinate and compliant to Chinas will. Any such assertion must rest on an understanding that critical U.S. national interests, including both economic and security interests, are at stake and at risk. As the new administration sets out to revamp U.S. strategy in the South China Sea, it should keep the following guidelines in mind: Although Chinese cooperation is necessary to address some regional and global issuessuch as North Koreas belligerent behavior and climate changethe United States should not be held hostage by concerns that a more robust deterrence strategy will thwart bilateral cooperation. Navy P-8s are now regularly deploying to Singapore and, although without regular access, they have conducted patrols from Malaysia as well. Check out the linked article on the Belt and road initiative now. Michael Green, Senior Vice President for Asia and Japan Chair; Dr. Zack Cooper, Fellow, Japan Chair; Bonnie Glaser, Senior Adviser for Asia and Director, China Power Project; Andrew Shearer, Senior Adviser on Asia-Pacific Security; and Greg Poling, Director Asia Maritime Transparency Initiativeto provide the analytical context and some fundamental principles that should guide strategic thinking on South China Sea policy. Even if Beijings island-building campaign succeeds in turning the South China Sea into a Chinese lake, it will be one in which Chinese forces are constantly monitored and from which they can only depart with implicit American acquiescence. This order embodies certain foundational political principles respect for international law, preservation of the real sovereign independence of regional states, a refusal to legitimate unilateral territorial expansion, and the unconditional acceptance of the sea-lanes as a global commons. 2009 China issues two diplomatic notes that appear to claim a majority of the South China Sea. Sign up to receive ShareAmerica updates. The Obama administration has made modest gains in this regard, but it will be up for to the next president to seize that opportunity and ensure that Southeast Asias future is prosperous, peaceful and free. Second, the United States should feel comfortable adopting a patient approach in pushing a return to full democracy in Thailand. South China Sea or even some part of its strategically significant zones will provide the sovereign nation state significant seat in global trade agreements. The sea is rich in resources and holds significant strategic and political importance. The South China Sea: What's Really at Issue Strategic Culture The South China Sea (SCS) has great strategic and economic significance in the contemporary international politico-security environment. However, Brunei's insistence that specific issues in the maritime region should be . The most likely single scenario for a major military engagement against a great power adversary would be one against China centered on the South China Sea. The growing size and capability of the Chinese air force, navy, and coast guard allow Beijing to consistently monitor and exercise de facto control over most of the South China Sea. TheSouth China Seais one of the most important economic and environmental regions in the world. The longstanding U.S. position that it takes no position on sovereignty disputes over land features in the South China Sea, while insisting that these disputes be resolved in a peaceful fashion and in accordance with international law, is sound and should be maintained. In short, adopting a more robust deterrence approach need not prevent cooperation that is in the interests of both countries. Figure 4 shows the overlapping sovereignty claims in the SCS, with Chinas claims according to the 9 dash line doctrine in red. Chinese missiles on the mainland already hold all U.S. Asian bases at risk. . China is undertaking a persistent, long-term effort to establish control over the South China Sea. The South China Sea in Strategic Terms | Wilson Center Less sexy but no less important is a forthcoming arrangement by which Vietnam will allow the United States military to preposition supplies and equipment in Da Nang on the central coast. African community leaders take home lessons from U.S. Why the Arctic is Not the 'Next' South China Sea The islands are important, however, for strategic and political reasons. PDF Beyond Territorial Disputes In The South China Sea Legal Frameworks For The lifting of the arms embargo also opens the door to other forms of U.S.-Vietnam security cooperation. It is the geostrategic importance that is usually the main reason for the parties to strengthen their claim over the Spratlys and the Paracels. Chinas claims over the legal status and maritime rights of the 9 dash line remain ambiguous and outside of UN recognised EEZ claims. If full democratization is her goal, there is no foreign partner more important than Washington for achieving it. Beijing has also been careful to avoid estranging Aung San Suu Kyi and adopted a largely pragmatic approach to the countrys transition away from authoritarian rule. 1994 The Convention on the Law of the Sea goes into effect. And thus a new strategic map of Asia begins to emerge. Therefore, the US plays a key role in influencing the resolution of the SCS disputes. Then again, China may see its efforts in the South China Sea blunted. With the incoming administration likely to grapple early with South China Sea issues, the CSIS Southeast Asia Program, directed by Dr. Amy Searight, worked in collaboration with other Asia colleagues at CSISDr. The area marked with a blue line is based on the UNCLOS 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) relating to each countrys claims and the islands marked in green are the ones over which sovereignty is disputed. Chinas island outposts will increase this advantage as Chinese aircraft, ships, and paramilitary vessels will be able to rest and resupply in the southern portion of the South China Sea. Cobra Gold, hosted by Thailand and led by the United States, is the largest annual multilateral military exercise in Asia. Why is the South China Sea contentious? - BBC News The United States emerged from World War II as a resident great power in East Asia. China, for example, has asserted a maritime claim to a large majority of the South China Sea that is not consistent with international law. 2016 The Arbitration Tribunal rules in favor of the Philippines. These islands are large enough for military runways and well as SAM installations. What evidence is there of increased projection of Maritime Power? It is growing more difficult to discuss Southeast Asia without discussing Japan, India and Australia, whose ties to the region and to each other are maturing and whose militarieswhether represented by personnel, aircraft, or warshipsare increasingly present in the region. From the report. The Strategic Importance of the South China Sea | Geollect Giving ground on vital interests in Asia will not encourage greater cooperation on global issues. Such access would complement the renewed U.S. presence in the Philippines; facilitate a regular American presence in the western part of the South China Sea; enable the United States to more easily defendor seal upthe Malacca Strait; and, it should be noted, put American forces within striking distance of major Chinese bases on Hainan, including port facilities that host Chinas ballistic missile submarines. The United States can stand firm on its principles and deter China from undermining the regional order while maintaining a productive relationship. Importantly, the countries of maritime Southeast Asia are not aligning only with the United States, but with a grouping of external states concerned with the nature of Chinas rise. With the National League for Democracy now in power in Naypyidaw, China cannot rely on Burma as an automatic ally. SCSSAP - Strategic Action Programme Implementation - Home The three core areas that must be defended and secured are the Malay Peninsula, Sabah and Sarawak. The post-war regional order. Aung San Suu Kyi has no interest in antagonizing Chinawhich shares a border with Burma and is a major source of foreign investmentbut nor can she afford to alienate the United States or India. Why Is the South China Sea Important? - Money Morning Inconsistent messaging and policiesincluding on freedom of navigation and routine presence operationshave also led to confusion in the region. Chinas significant increase in spending and capability of its maritime forces is of note. A South China Sea Strategy By Dan Blumenthal, Michael Auslin, and Michael Mazza I. Beware China: America Fights Back In recent years, China's inventive engineering feats have allowed it to. Media Relations Manager, External Relations. The strategic importance of the SCS is mainly due to its geographical location, as the area is one of the world's busiest and most strategic shipping lanes. or join us on Facebook. By the mid-1990s, relations with Vietnam had begun a rapidly improvement. The United States needs to consider a wider variety of non-military responses to Chinas efforts to control the South China Sea, and more effectively build a local coalition to support these responses. access to Thailands military facilities, particularly the strategically located and well-equipped Utapao airbase, is considered invaluable. More than half of the worlds fishing vessels are in the South China Sea, and millions of people depend on these waters for their food and livelihoods. This access will allow for more frequent, more sustained flights over the South China Sea, including over the disputed Spratly Islands and Scarborough Shoal. April 26, 2016 There is widespread interest in the rising tensions over the waters east of China. The end of the Cold War found East Asia and the Western Pacific strategically quiescent. Unfortunately, the allies now lack a shared strategic outlook, thus reducing the impetus to overcome recent bilateral political hurdles. Back in 2006, Japan became only the second country (after Russia) to establish a strategic partnership with Vietnam. Beijings moves have prompted Washington to counter Chinese assertiveness by forging a new strategic alignment in the regionone in which China dominates the South China Sea from the north, the United States and its partners do so from the east and west, and the states of continental Southeast Asia remain neutral or lean toward Beijing in the intensifying U.S.-China strategic competition. By the end of the 1970s, communist insurgencies outside Indochina had been effectively suppressed. Malaysia's Diplomacy in the South China Sea: Between the Devil and the In particular Chinas maritime law enforcement in the disputed islands and waters has disrupted regional stability; causing tensions between Vietnam after a clash between Chinese patrol boats and Vietnamese oil exploration vessels. Allied efforts to support U.S. force posture in the region will remain vital, but the United States should also expect allies to make greater contributions in responding to Chinese coercion. 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